This is m4.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.1 from m4.texi. This manual (10 May 2025) is for GNU M4 (version 1.4.20), a package containing an implementation of the m4 macro language. Copyright © 1989-1994, 2004-2014, 2016-2017, 2020-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License." INFO-DIR-SECTION Text creation and manipulation START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * M4: (m4). A powerful macro processor. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY  Indirect: m4.info-1: 828 m4.info-2: 312908  Tag Table: (Indirect) Node: Top828 Node: Preliminaries9771 Node: Intro10477 Node: History12168 Node: Bugs16221 Node: Manual17484 Node: Invoking m420987 Node: Operation modes23191 Node: Preprocessor features26290 Node: Limits control29460 Node: Frozen state33471 Node: Debugging options34310 Node: Command line files36362 Node: Syntax38013 Node: Names39168 Node: Quoted strings39650 Node: Comments40317 Node: Other tokens41220 Node: Input processing41814 Ref: Input processing-Footnote-150251 Node: Macros50448 Node: Invocation50942 Node: Inhibiting Invocation51743 Node: Macro Arguments55985 Node: Quoting Arguments59105 Node: Macro expansion61241 Node: Definitions61959 Node: Define62744 Node: Arguments65262 Node: Pseudo Arguments69028 Node: Undefine72657 Node: Defn73816 Node: Pushdef78363 Node: Indir81103 Node: Builtin83270 Node: Conditionals85545 Node: Ifdef86491 Node: Ifelse87373 Node: Shift90759 Node: Forloop101579 Node: Foreach104260 Node: Stacks109882 Node: Composition113017 Node: Debugging119106 Node: Dumpdef119699 Node: Trace121117 Node: Debug Levels124769 Node: Debug Output129639 Node: Input Control130952 Node: Dnl131493 Node: Changequote133435 Node: Changecom141214 Node: Changeword145100 Node: M4wrap150705 Node: File Inclusion154790 Node: Include155111 Node: Search Path157928 Node: Diversions158877 Node: Divert160584 Node: Undivert163150 Node: Divnum166535 Node: Cleardivert167008 Node: Text handling168229 Node: Len168956 Node: Index macro169350 Node: Regexp170243 Node: Substr173404 Node: Translit174462 Node: Patsubst177253 Node: Format181894 Node: Arithmetic185302 Node: Incr185755 Node: Eval187430 Node: Shell commands195843 Node: Platform macros196781 Node: Syscmd198983 Node: Esyscmd201358 Node: Sysval202941 Node: Mkstemp204908 Node: Miscellaneous208965 Node: Errprint209402 Node: Location210654 Node: M4exit213531 Node: Frozen files215657 Node: Using frozen files216455 Node: Frozen file format219836 Node: Compatibility222986 Node: Extensions224068 Node: Incompatibilities228122 Node: Other Incompatibilities237426 Node: Answers240156 Node: Improved exch240970 Node: Improved forloop241523 Node: Improved foreach246979 Node: Improved copy260357 Node: Improved m4wrap264414 Node: Improved cleardivert266910 Node: Improved capitalize267908 Node: Improved fatal_error272944 Node: Copying This Package274041 Node: GNU General Public License274520 Node: Copying This Manual312908 Node: GNU Free Documentation License313432 Node: Indices338556 Node: Macro index338840 Node: Concept index345450  End Tag Table  Local Variables: coding: utf-8 End: